Postmodernist film is a classification for works that articulate the themes and ideas of postmodernism through the medium of film. Some of the goals of postmodernist film are to subvert the mainstream conventions of narrative structure and characterization, and to test the audience's suspension of disbelief. Typically, such films also break down the cultural divide between High culture and Low culture art and often upend typical portrayals of gender, race, Social class, genre, and time with the goal of creating something that does not abide by traditional narrative expression.
Specific elements
Modernist film came to maturity in the era between
WWI and
WWII with characteristics such as montage and symbolic imagery, and often took the form of expressionist cinema and surrealist cinema (as seen in the works of
Fritz Lang and Luis Buñuel)
while postmodernist film – similar to
postmodernism as a whole – is a reaction to the modernist works and to their tendencies (such as nostalgia and angst).
Modernist cinema has been said to have "explored and exposed the formal concerns of the medium by placing them at the forefront of consciousness. Modernist cinema questions and made visible the meaning-production practices of film."
[ Beginning Postmodernism, Manchester University Press: 1999 by Tim Woods] The
auteur theory and idea of an author creating a work from their singular vision was a cultural advancement that coincided with the further maturation of modernist cinema. It has been said that "To investigate the transparency of the image is modernist but to undermine its reference to reality is to engage with the aesthetics of postmodernism."
The modernist film has more faith in the author, the individual, and the accessibility of reality itself than the postmodernist film, and is generally more sincere in tone.
Postmodernism is in many ways interested in the Liminality that would be typically ignored by more modernist or traditionally narrative offerings. Henri Bergson writes in his book Creative Evolution, "The obscurity is cleared up, the contradiction vanishes, as soon as we place ourselves along the transition, in order to distinguish states in it by making cross cuts therein in thoughts. The reason is that there is more in the transition than the series of states, that is to say, the possible cuts--more in the movement than the series of position, that is to say, the possible stops."
Postmodernist film is often separated from modernist cinema and traditional narrative film by three key characteristics. One of them is an extensive use of homage or pastiche.[ The second element is meta-reference or self-reflexivity, highlighting the construction and relation of the image to other images in media and not to any kind of external reality.][ A self-referential film calls the viewer's attention – either through meta-reference, or through visuals – that the film itself is only a film. This is sometimes achieved by emphasizing the unnatural look of an image which seems contrived. Another technique used to achieve meta-reference is the use of intertextuality, in which the film's characters reference or discuss other works of fiction. Additionally, many postmodern films tell stories that unfold out of chronological order, deconstructing or fragmenting time so as to highlight the fact that what is appearing on screen is constructed. A third common element is a bridging of the gap between highbrow and low culture activities and artistic styles,][ e.g. a parody of Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel ceiling in which Adam is reaching for a McDonald's burger rather than the hand of God. The use of homage and pastiche can, in and of itself, result in a fusion of high and low art. Lastly, contradictions of all sorts – whether it be in visual technique, characters' morals, etc. – are crucial to postmodernism.]
Specific postmodern examples
Once Upon a Time in the West
Sergio Leone's Once Upon a Time in the West has often been referred to by critics as an example of a postmodern Western. The 1968 spaghetti Western revolves around a beautiful widow, a mysterious gunslinger playing a harmonica, a ruthless villain, and a lovable but hard-nosed bandit who just escaped from jail. The story was developed by Leone, Bernardo Bertolucci, and Dario Argento by watching classic American Westerns, and the final product is a deliberate attempt to both pay homage to and subvert Western genre conventions and audience expectations. Among the most notable examples of intertextuality are the plot similarities to Johnny Guitar, the visual reference to High Noon of a clock stopped at high noon in the middle of a gunfight, and the casting of Henry Fonda as the story's sadistic antagonist which was a deliberate subversion of Fonda's image as a hero established in such films as My Darling Clementine and Fort Apache, both directed by John Ford.
Blade Runner
Ridley Scott's Blade Runner might be the best-known postmodernist film.[ Scott's 1982 film is about a future dystopia where "replicants" (human cyborgs) have been invented and are deemed dangerous enough to hunt down when they escape. There is tremendous effacement of boundaries between genres and cultures, and styles that are generally more separate, along with the fusion of disparate styles and times, a common trope in postmodernist cinema.][ The fusion of noir and science-fiction is another example of the film deconstructing cinema and genre.] This embodies the postmodern tendency to destroy boundaries and genres into a self-reflexive product. The 2017 Academy Award-winning sequel Blade Runner 2049 also tackled postmodern anxieties.[ "Blade Runner 2049" proves Denis Villeneuve as the closest we have to a modern-day Kubrick - Highlander]
Pulp Fiction
Quentin Tarantino's Pulp Fiction is another example of a postmodernist film.[Tincknell, Estella (2006). "The Soundtrack Movie, Nostalgia and Consumption", in Film's Musical Moments, ed. Ian Conrich and Estella Tincknell (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press). ][King, Geoff (2002). Film Comedy (London: Wallflower Press). ][Wood, James (November 12, 1994). The Guardian.] The Palme d'Or-winning film tells the interweaving stories of gangsters, a boxer, and robbers. The 1994 film breaks down chronological time and demonstrates a particular fascination with intertextuality: bringing in texts from both traditionally "high" and "low" realms of art.[ This foregrounding of media places the self as "a loose, transitory combination of media consumption choices."][ Pulp Fiction fractures time (by the use of asynchronous time lines) and by using styles of prior decades and combining them together in the movie.][ By focusing on intertextuality and the subjectivity of time, Pulp Fiction demonstrates the postmodern obsession with signs and subjective perspective as the exclusive location of anything resembling meaning.
]
Other selected examples
Aside from the aforementioned Once Upon a Time in the West, the Blade Runner sequels and Pulp Fiction, postmodern cinema includes films such as:
20th century
-
Hellzapoppin' (1941)
[ Postponing Postmodernism - Believer Magazine]
-
The Big Sleep (1946)
[ How THE BIG SLEEP Made Detectives Postmodern - Film Requiry]
-
Duck Amuck (1953, also been called a modernist film)
-
All That Heaven Allows (1955; also been called a modernist film)
-
Written on the Wind (1956)
-
A Movie (1958)
[ Bruce Conner: In the Estheticization of Violence - Google Books (pg.8)]
-
Hiroshima mon amour (1959; also been called a modernist film)
-
L'Avventura (1960, also been called a modernist film)
-
Psycho (1960)
-
Blast of Silence (1961)
[ REEL BROOKLYN: BLAST OF SILENCE, EAST NEW YORK - Brooklyn Magazine]
-
Last Year at Marienbad (1961, also been called a modernist film)
-
West Side Story (1961, also been called a modernist film)
-
8½ (1963; also been called a modernist film)
-
Scorpio Rising (1964)
[ Encyclopedia of Lesbian and Gay Histories and Culture - Google Books (pg.84)]
-
Woman in the Dunes (1964)
-
Pierrot Le Fou (1965, also been called a modernist film)
-
Alphaville (1965)
-
Persona (1966; also been called a modernist film)
-
Batman (1966)
-
Blowup (1966; also been called a modernist film)
-
Weekend (1967)
-
Branded to Kill (1967)
-
Casino Royale (1967)
[ Casino Royale at 33: The Postmodern Epic in Spite of Itself - Bright Lights Film Journal]
-
Playtime (1967; also been called a modernist film)
-
Night of the Living Dead (1968)
[ The Horror Film - Google Books (pg.89)]
-
(1968; also called a modernist film)
-
Teorema (1968)
-
Death by Hanging (1968)
-
(1968; also called a modernist film)
[ History 104 Lecture: Social Revolution]
-
The Color of Pomegranates (1969; also been called a modernist film)
-
Funeral Parade of Roses (1969; also been called a modernist film)
[ FUNERAL PARADE OF ROSES - Hammer to Nail]
-
The Honeymoon Killers (1970)
-
Performance (1970)
-
The Conformist (1970)
[ "The Conformist": An unsettling political masterpiece returns - Salon]
-
El Topo (1970)
-
A Clockwork Orange (1971)
-
The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie (1972)
-
Badlands (1973)
-
Day for Night (1973; also called a modernist film)
-
The Holy Mountain (1973; also been called a modernist film)
-
The Long Goodbye (1973)
-
Blazing Saddles (1974)
[ The Mel Brooks Collection|AV Club]
-
(1974)
-
Celine and Julie Go Boating (1974)
[ 'Céline and Julie Go Boating' Review: Candy Can Only Fuel the Memory of Few|Hills West Roundup]
-
F for Fake (1975)
-
Monty Python and the Holy Grail (1975)
-
Taxi Driver (1976)
-
(1977)
-
The American Friend (1977)
[ You Were Never Really Here Is A Smart Thriller That Retreads Familiar Territory: Review|SPIN]
-
Close Encounters of the Third Kind (1977)
[ Was postmodernism born with Close Encounters of the Third Kind?|Culture|The Guardian]
-
House (1977)
[ Heart of Weirdness: The Story Behind Hausu|Austin Film Society]
-
Dawn of the Dead (1978)
-
All That Jazz (1979)
-
Alien (1979)
[ Alternate Americas: Science Fiction and American Culture - Google Books]
-
Stalker (1979)
-
Apocalypse Now (1979)
-
The Gods Must Be Crazy (1980)
[ A Primer on Postmodernism - Google Books (pg.33)]
-
The Shining (1980)
-
The Life and Times of Rosie the Riveter (1980)
-
Raging Bull (1980)
-
Diva (1981)
[ As Delightful As It Insufferable: On the Complex Joy of Diva - Roger Ebert]
-
Escape from New York (1981)
[ The Postmodern Presence - Google Books (pg.157)]
-
The Evil Dead (1981)
[ The Monstrous-feminine - Google Books (pg.73)]
-
The Howling (1981)
-
Ms. 45 (1981)
[ Review: Abel Ferrara's Ms. 45 on Drafthouse Films Blu-ray - Slant Magazine]
-
The Thing (1982)
[ The Horror Film – Google Books (pgs.87–113)]
-
The Atomic Cafe (1982)
[ Connie Field's 'The Life and Times of Rosie the Riveter'|International Documentary Association][ Rick Prelinger: We have always recycled|BFI]
-
Koyaanisqatsi (1982)
[ The Postmodern Presence - Google Books (pg.37)]
-
Dead Men Don't Wear Plaid (1982)
[ Carl Reiner Has Died at the Age of 98 - Paste]
-
Fall Guy (1982)
-
Liquid Sky (1982)
[ 346. LIQUID SKY (1982)|366 Weird Movies]
-
Sans Soleil (1983)
[ La Jetee/Sans Soleil: The Criterion Collection - DVD Talk]
-
Videodrome (1983)
[ Secret Agency in Mainstream Postmodern Cinema]
-
Zelig (1983)
[ Postmodern Hollywood - Google Books (pgs.34-35)]
-
Love Streams (1984)
-
A Nightmare on Elm Street (1984)
[ Recreational Terror - Google Books]
-
Repo Man (1984)
[ David and David at the Movies: Sorry to Bother You - Indiana University Cinema]
-
Streets of Fire (1984)
-
The Terminator (1984)
-
After Hours (1985)
-
Brazil (1985)
-
(1985)
[ Mishama: A Life in Four Chapters|Screen Slate]
-
Radioactive Dreams (1985)
-
Shoah (1985)
-
Tampopo (1985)
-
Terrorizers (1986)
[ Exiles in Modernity - Chicago Reader]
-
Mauvais Sang (1986)
-
Blue Velvet (1986)
-
A Zed and Two Noughts (1986)
[ Circles, Myth, and Darwinism: Stanley Kubrick's 2001: A Space Odyssey and Peter Greenaway's A Zed and Two Noughts (ZOO) - Offscreen]
-
Walker (1987)
[ Walker - Harvard Film Archive][ Free Alex Cox event in Arberdeen|Den of Geek][ Historical Dictionary of Postmodernist Literature and Theater - Google Books (pg.346)]
-
The Princess Bride (1987)
[ Ten Must-See 80s Sci-Fi And Fantasy Films|AMC Talk|AMC][ 'The Princess Bride': Revisiting Rob Reiner and William Goldman's Paean to Pure Storytelling|The Film Stage][ RIP William Goldman, creator of beloved film, The Princess Bride - Ars Technica]
-
Innerspace (1987)
[ FUNNY `INNERSPACE` DOMESTICATES ROGUE DIRECTOR – Chicago Tribune]
-
Wings of Desire (1987)
-
Om-Dar-B-Dar (1988)
[ MUBI on Twitter: "A postmodern cult classic from Indian filmmaker Kamal Swaroop."][ 10 Films To Watch When You're Stoned - High On Films]
-
Akira (1988)
[ Postmodernity and the city: Blade Runner, Dark City, Akira - High on Films]
-
Beetlejuice (1988)
-
The Thin Blue Line (1988)
-
Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988)
[ A Primer on Postmodernism - Google Books (pg.32)]
-
They Live (1988)
[ David and David at the Movies: Sorry to Bother You - Indiana University Cinema]
-
When Harry Met Sally (1989)
-
Crimes and Misdemeanors (1989)
-
Jesus of Montreal (1989)
-
sex, lies and videotape (1989)
-
Roger & Me (1989)
[ New Working-class Studies - Google Books (pg.160)]
-
Edward Scissorhands (1990)
-
Close-Up (1990)
-
(1990)
[ New on DVD and Blu-ray|The Week][ Gremlins 2: The New Batch (1990) Movie Review from Eye for Film]
-
Miller's Crossing (1990)
[ Watch: In-Depth Dissection Of The Coens' Postmodernism|The Playlist][ The Coen Brothers (4.2)- The Postmodern Pictures - THE DIRECTORS SERIES]
-
Barton Fink (1991)
-
JFK (1991)
-
The Double Life of Veronique (1991)
-
Until the End of the World (1991)
-
Wax or the Discovery of Television Among the Bees (1991)
-
Aladdin (1992)
[ Postmodernism in the Cinema - Google Books (pg.45)][ Review: Aladdin - Slant Magazine]
-
Orlando (1992)
-
The Player (1992)
-
Reservoir Dogs (1992)
-
Falling Down (1993)
-
Groundhog Day (1993)
-
Last Action Hero (1993)
[ Arnold Schwarzenegger's Experimental Postmodern Film That Almost Worked - Collider]
-
The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993)
[ 'The Nightmare Before Christmas' (PG) - The Washington Post]
-
The Piano (1993)
-
Sleepless in Seattle (1993)
-
True Romance (1993)
-
Through the Olive Trees (1994)
-
Sátántangó (1994)
-
Chungking Express (1994)
-
Forrest Gump (1994)
-
Natural Born Killers (1994)
[ Mythologies of Violence in Postmodern Media - Google Books]
-
The Hudsucker Proxy (1994)
-
Serial Mom (1994)
[ Henry: Portrait of a Serial Killer - Google Books (pg.121)]
-
Fallen Angels (1995)
[ FALLEN ANGELS | Cleveland Institute of Art College of Art | 800.223.4700]
-
The Brady Bunch Movie (1995)
[ The Brady Bunch Movie Review|Empire][ 'The Brady Bunch Movie'|Decider]
-
Dead Man (1995)
-
Braveheart (1995)
-
Get Shorty (1995)
-
Underground (1995)
-
Showgirls (1995)
-
Fargo (1996)
-
From Dusk till Dawn (1996)
-
Schizopolis (1996)
[ Schizopolis and the Chaos of American Suburban Living|25YL][ 216. SCHIZOPOLIS (1996)|366 Weird Movies][ The Sundance Kids: How the Mavericks Took Back Hollywood - Google Books (pg.174)]
-
Goodbye South, Goodbye (1996)
-
Scream (1996)
-
Irma Vep (1996)
-
The Watermelon Woman (1996)
-
End of Evangelion (1997)
[ CINEMA QUARANTINO: The End of Evangelion (1997) dir. Hideaki Anno|BOSTON HASSLE]
-
Jackie Brown (1997)
-
Lost Highway (1997)
[ Lost Highway (1997)|The Criterion Collection]
-
Gummo (1997)
-
Boogie Nights (1997)
-
Dark City (1997)
[ Dark City 1997, directed by Alex Proyas|Time Out]
-
Starship Troopers (1997)
-
Titanic (1997)
[ Postmodern Chick Flicks: The Return of the Woman's Film - Google Books]
-
Funny Games (1997)
[ 20 Great Postmodern Films You Should Watch - Taste of Cinema]
-
The Big Lebowski (1998)
-
New Rose Hotel (1998)
-
Run Lola Run (1998)
-
The Hole (1998)
-
The Truman Show (1998)
-
Pleasantville (1998)
[ A Retrospective of the 50s through Postmodern Cinema - Google Books (pg.125)]
-
Happiness (1998)
[ The Disturbing Perfection of HAPPINESS - In/Frame/Out on YouTube]
-
Small Soldiers (1998)
-
Shakespeare in Love (1998)
-
You've Got Mail (1998)
-
(1999)
[ Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai - The Criterion Channel]
-
The Sixth Sense (1999)
-
Being John Malkovich (1999)
-
Fight Club (1999)
-
The Straight Story (1999)
-
American Beauty (1999)
-
The Blair Witch Project (1999)
-
The Matrix (1999)
-
Magnolia (1999)
-
Three Kings (1999)
-
American Psycho (2000)
-
Memento (2000)
[ The 20 Best Postmodernist Movies of All Time « Taste of Cinema]
-
Erin Brockovich (2000)
-
Dancer in the Dark (2000)
[ Dancer in the Dark (2000): Von Trier's Cannes Fest Top Prize-Winning Film Starring Bjork|Emanuel Levy]
-
Almost Famous (2000)
-
Werckmeister Harmonies (2000)
-
Requiem for a Dream (2000)
-
Traffic (2000)
-
Timecode (2000)
-
Rejected (2000)
[ It's Such a Beautiful Day — Brattle Theatre Film Notes]
21st century
-
The Majestic (2001)
-
Moulin Rouge! (2001)
-
Shrek (2001)
[ A Cultural Evolution of 'Shrek', from Blockbuster Hit to Historic Meme - VICE]
-
Waking Life (2001)
[ The Holy Moment on JSTOR]
-
The Royal Tenenbaums (2001)
-
Mulholland Drive (2001)
-
Donnie Darko (2001)
-
All About Lily Chou-Chou (2001)
-
The Man Who Wasn't There (2001)
-
Pulse (2001)
-
Far From Heaven (2002)
-
The Hours (2002)
-
24 Hour Party People (2002)
[ The Quietus|Film|Film Features|Modern Masterpiece: 20 Years Of 24 Hour Party People]
-
Down with Love (2003)
-
Lost in Translation (2003)
[ Cinema Studies: The Key Concepts - Google Books (pg.289)]
-
The Fog of War (2003)
-
(2003)
[ The History of Cinema. Joe Dante - Piero Scaruffi's knowledge base]
-
Zatōichi (2003)
[ Between Comedy and Kitsch: Kitano's Zatoichi and Kurosawa's Traditions of "Jidaigeki" Comedies by Rie Karatsu, Massey University, New Zealand]
-
Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004)
[ The Humanity of 2000s Postmodernist Cinema - Flip Screen]
-
(2004)
[ 'Team America: World Police' : NPR]
-
Tropical Malady (2004)
-
The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou (2004)
-
The Machinist (2004)
-
Shaun of the Dead (2004)
-
Brick (2005)
-
Grizzly Man (2005)
-
Still Life (2006)
-
Marie Antoinette (2006)
-
Enchanted (2007)
-
I'm Not There (2007)
-
No Country for Old Men (2007)
[ Why Do Movies Feel So Different Now? - Thomas Flight on YouTube]
-
The Beaches of Agnès (2008)
-
Synecdoche, New York (2008)
-
Hunger (2008)
-
Waltz with Bashir (2008)
-
Enter the Void (2009)
-
Shutter Island (2010)
-
Exit Through the Gift Shop (2010)
-
Film Socialisme (2010)
-
Inception (2010)
-
Drive (2011)
-
The Skin I Live In (2011)
-
Shame (2011)
-
We Need to Talk About Kevin (2011)
-
The Act of Killing (2012)
-
Tabu (2012)
-
Cloud Atlas (2012)
-
Holy Motors (2012)
-
ParaNorman (2012)
-
Post Tenebras Lux (2012)
-
Wreck-It Ralph (2012)
-
The Double (2013)
-
Get a Horse! (2013)
[ Why can't grown-up animations catch a break on Oscar night? - Chicago Reader]
-
Only Lovers Left Alive (2013)
-
Her (2013)
-
Only God Forgives (2013)
-
Birdman (2014)
-
Boyhood (2014)
-
Clouds of Sils Maria (2014)
[ Review: Insubstantial 'Clouds of Sils Maria'|Indiewire]
-
Goodbye to Language (2014)
[
]
target="_blank" rel="nofollow"> Exploding the Sign from Within: Paradoxes of Post-Structuralist Epistemology in Adieu au Langage|Senses of Cinema
-
The Lego Movie (2014)
[ 'The Lego Movie': Building a postmodern, tongue-in-cheek toy film - Los Angeles Times]
-
The Look of Silence (2014)
-
Cemetery of Splendour (2015)
[ "Thai film 'Cemetery of Splendor' blends surrealism and fear", The Seattle Globalist]
-
World of Tomorrow (2015)
[ World of Tomorrow - cinemayward]
-
Deadpool (2016)
[ Deadpool and Philosophy: Nihilism, Postmodernism, and the Prison of Irony - MovieWeb]
-
La La Land (2016)
[ La La Land: A Grandiose Dream of the Modern Musical – Gen Z Critics]
-
Swiss Army Man (2016)
[ At Sundance: In Defense of Daniel Radcliffe's Farting Corpse|Filmmaker Magazine]
-
Get Out (2017)
-
I, Tonya (2017)
[ 'I, Tonya' and the Postmodern Protagonist - Age of the Nerd]
-
The Square (2017)
-
Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri (2017)
-
Under the Silver Lake (2018)
-
Wonderstruck (2017)
[ Silence & Sound: Wonderstruck and the Post-Modern Gaze – Riot Material]
-
Spider-Verse (2018–present)
[ Oscars: Can Anyone Break Disney & Pixar's Animated Feature Streak In 2019? - Deadline][ Anatomy of a superhero: Miles Morales in Across the Spider-Verse is the true postmodern Spider-Man|Telegraph India][ New 'Spider-Man' an oh-so-postmodern take on Marvel franchise|HeraldNet.com][ Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse review - plenty of postmodern pizzazz - The Times]
-
Sorry to Bother You (2018)
-
The House That Jack Built (2018)
[ (PDF) The House that Lars Built - academia.edu]
-
Long Day's Journey into Night (2018)
-
Joker (2019)
-
Knives Out (2019)
[ Rian Johnson trades in lightsabers for postmodern whodunnit Knives Out|Ars Technica]
-
Pain & Glory (2019)
-
You Were Never Really Here (2018)
[ Female Directors: Best Movies Directed By Women|IndieWire]
-
Last Night in Soho (2021)
[ 'Last Night in Soho' review: Anya Taylor-Joy shakes up horror - Los Angeles Times]
-
Bad Luck Banging or Loony Porn (2021)
-
Belle (2021)
[ BELLE draws on Western stories to tell a postmodern fable about healing - Moviejawn]
-
Bergman Island (2021)
-
Aftersun (2022)
[ Best Films of 2022 - Stephen David Miller]
-
Babylon (2022)
[ Why Oscar contender 'Babylon' could take a page from Tolkien - Angelus News]
-
The Banshees of Inisherin (2022)
-
Everything Everywhere All At Once (2022)
[ How Everything Everywhere All At Once Bridges the Gap Between Summer Blockbusters and Arthouse Cinema - MovieWeb][ PHILM AND PHILOSOPHY|'Barbie', 'Everything Everywhere All at Once' and the Problem of Postmodern Endings]
-
Nope (2022)
-
Razzennest (2022)
[ 'Razzennest' review - Projected Figures][ 'Razzennest' review - ScreenAnarchy]
-
Tár (2022)
[ ‘Tár’ and the Discourse over Power and Art - Post Alley]
-
White Noise (2022)
[ White Noise is 'thrillingly original' - BBC Culture]
-
X film series (2022–2024)
[ Pearl: Ti West's Post-Modern Slasher Trilogy Reaches Its Bloody Mid-Point - Original Cin]
-
Barbie (2023)
[ 'Barbie' Review: Doll in Plastic Gets a Greta Gerwig Grounding in Kentastic Postmodern Campy Romp - Rendy Reviews]
-
Beau is Afraid (2023)
[ Why the Postmodern Structure of Ari Aster's 'Beau is Afraid' Works Masterfully - No Film School]
-
Late Night with the Devil (2023)
[ Late Night With the Devil’s David Dastmalchian Was “Terrified” to Play a Talk Show Host – Consequence via Yahoo!]
-
All We Imagine as Light (2024)
[ The 25 Best Movies of 2024 - IndieWire]
-
Between the Temples (2024)
[ ‘Between the Temples’ Held This Viewer at a Distance - Salt Lake Film Review]
-
The Brutalist (2024)
[ Debating The Brutalist - The Criterion Collection]
-
A Different Man (2024)
[ A Different Man - Film Freak Central]
-
(2024)
-
Love Lies Bleeding (2024)
[ Our Most Anticipated Films For 2024 - Next Best Picture]
-
The Most Precious of Cargoes (2024)
[ The Most Precious of Cargoes review – postmodern Holocaust fairytale is dreamy curiosity|The Guardian]
-
The Substance (2024)
[ The Best Films of 2024 - Michigan Daily]
-
A Minecraft Movie (2025)
[ The post-modern appeal of 'A Minecraft Movie' – The Badger Herald]
Postmodern documentary and essay film
Postmodernist techniques have also influenced non-fiction cinema. For example, Errol Morris’s The Thin Blue Line (1988) is often regarded as the first postmodern documentary due to its ironic use of stylized re-enactments that detach the viewer from any pretense of objective truth. Such works demonstrate that even documentary film can embrace subjectivity, self-reference, and genre-blending in a postmodern way.
List of notable postmodernist filmmakers
Postmodernist television
Postmodern television is a category or period of modern television related to the art and philosophy of postmodernism,[ TV News in a Postmodern World by Terry L. Heaton - The Digital Journalist] often making use of postmodern principles such as satire, irony, and deconstruction.
List of postmodernist television shows
See also
External links